Perfectionism significantly contributes to the development of mental disorders. To implement timely intervention and prevention, it is necessary to further understand the causes of perfectionism. Although previous studies have identified certain causes of perfectionism, with the rapid development of modern society and the influence of significant events, there will be more potential causes in the future. Therefore, this paper aims to summarize and analyze the existing causes of perfectionism through a literature review, and also predict the factors that may become potential causes of perfectionism in the future. The main factors identified in this article involved in the cause of perfectionism are parenting style, personality and culture. On this basis, this paper suggests that in the future, due to the influence of technological advancements, the potential causes may include social media, artificial intelligence and remote education. In addition, given the prevalence of mask wearing in certain regions during the covid-19 pandemic and its impact on the post-pandemic era, masks should also be taken into account when discussing potential causes of perfectionism in the future.

This paper explores the use of traditional and new media by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) for effective communication. It argues that NGOs should leverage different media forms based on specific circumstances. The paper discusses Farm Radio International’s use of radio and mobile phones to engage farmers in dialogue, empowering them to voice their concerns. It also highlights the #blogladesh campaign, where mommy bloggers were utilized to raise awareness of women’s and children’s health issues. By using traditional media, NGOs can reach a wider audience, particularly in marginalized communities. New media, on the other hand, offers personalized and interactive communication. Understanding the strengths and limitations of each media form enables NGOs to effectively convey their messages, enhance communication effectiveness, and achieve their mission and goals.

Some have underrated Film Noir due to some misconception that it is solely limited to black-and-white imagery. However, it encompasses much more than that. It supports an aesthetic and serves as a foundational pillar for crime cinema. This paper will use formal techniques such as diegesis, montage, mise-en-scène, camera angle, and camera movement to analyze two scenes from crime cinema. One example is The Naked City, a quintessential Film Noir that employs chiaroscuro lighting to accentuate the criminal narrative. Another illustrative instance is The Taking of Pelham One Two Three. The argument surrounding Film Noir and crime cinema reveals different depictions of geographical space, yet they share similarities in their representations of themes, including war trauma, masculinity, and class. The Naked City employs a straightforward approach to represent its unique landscape, effectively connecting external and internal spaces. The Taking of Pelham One Two Three uses transportation and currency symbols to establish distinct space connections. Both films, produced in the post-war era, allow for allegorical exploration of auteurs’ imagination and re-imagination through cinematic elements. These elements ambiguously craft narratives that intricately blend aesthetics and ideology. In this case, the transition of Film Noir into the realm of crime cinema influences the development of modern cinema.

Sylvia Plath’s Ariel, characterized by dark themes, idiosyncratic imagery, and raw emotional intensity, holds an enduring fascination for readers and critics alike. While much scholarship has examined this collection through a psychoanalytic or biographical lens, this research seeks to uncover an underexplored dimension of Ariel — its ecofeminist undertones. The abundant nature imagery provides a particularly rich source for the investigation of her pre-ecofeminist consciousness. This research adopts a mixed-methods design that combines a corpus-based approach with an in-depth analysis of representative imagery. Excel-based calculation results show that the relatively large presence of nature imagery infuses Ariel with a riveting, dreamy atmosphere. The textual analysis further reveals that Plath’s subtle interweaving of the female experience and the natural world resonates with ecofeminist notions of patriarchal oppression and mutual liberation. By unearthing the ecofeminist dimensions of Ariel, this research aims to provide fresh insights into this masterpiece while shedding light on the richness and complexity of Plath’s thematic concerns and poetic expression.

This paper explores the innovative design and cultural heritage of traditional costumes of the Aoluguya Ewenki ethnic group in the digital age. Through digital techniques, traditional costumes have been infused with modern elements, enhancing the intricacy and diversity of their designs, thus introducing new means of design for traditional attire. Traditional costume patterns and totems are reinterpreted and created through digital software, allowing characters to wear them in virtual film and television, resulting in unique visual effects. 3D modeling technology showcases costume details in virtual film and television, and virtual fitting experiences enable the audience to immerse themselves in historical culture. Balancing modern creativity with cultural authenticity is crucial to achieving innovation and inheritance, ensuring that digital art plays a significant role in the application of traditional costumes of the Aoluguya Ewenki ethnic group.

Language is not merely a tool for communication; it is intricately intertwined with thinking and culture, perpetually evolving under their profound influence. Linguists widely acknowledge that language acts as a reflection of people’s worldview, unveiling diverse modes of thinking, cultural values, and perspectives. The objective of this paper is to delve into the disparities between the English and Chinese languages, shedding light on how these linguistic characteristics engender four fundamental thinking distinctions: imaginal thinking versus logical thinking, linear thinking versus curved thinking, holistic thinking versus individual thinking, and subjective thinking versus objective thinking. By exploring these disparities, a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between language and cognition can be gained. This exploration helps to comprehend how language not only shapes perception of the world but also influences thought processes and cultural perspectives. This research contributes to the broader field of linguistics and provides valuable insights into cross-cultural communication and understanding.

Shakespeare was a famous playwright and poet during the English Renaissance. His sonnets had a profound impact on world poetry. In the sonnets, he uses different images to express his inner emotions, and China also has extraordinary achievements in the sonnets. The ancient Chinese poets were good at using different intentions to express their feelings. Therefore, this paper focuses on the differences between Shakespeare’s sonnets and the imagery in Chinese poetry. The choice of images in Shakespeare’s sonnets and ancient Chinese poetry is closely related to the background of The Times. Shakespeare’s choice of images focuses more on seasonal animals, while the images in ancient Chinese poetry are more inclined to choose plants and the moon, and the expressions of emotions in ancient Chinese poetry are consistent.

In the situation of gradual globalization, communication and interaction between various languages and conventions have become more frequent. The reflection of the difference between Chinese and Western thinking in linguistic and cultural diversity has become more apparent and essential. By doing this, people can have a further comprehension of the values, cognitive styles, and social habits behind different cultures and languages. In recent research, it has been shown that there are differences in language expression between China and the West, as well as differences in personal values and time.  The author would like to research the differences between Chinese and Western ways of thinking in language, the differences in social etiquette and ways of interacting with the different values and cognitive styles. The purpose of the research is to assist people better cope with the challenges of cultural conflicts and exchanges and to foster mutual cooperation among different cultures. The research method used in this paper is the literature review, and the significance of the research is that it not only can help people better cope with and conform to this difference in thinking between China and the West, but it also improves the international communication capacity of future students.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has played a significant role in the lives of the Chinese people and is gradually entering the global arena. The process of its globalization can be mirrored by the mass media, such as newspapers, due to their capacity of reflecting the changes in the culture and ideology of a certain region. This study explored the changing trends in America Media Discourse on TCM from 1860 to 1959 in the aspects of vocabulary, readability, and content, based on the analysis of a self-built corpus. The findings reveal that over a century, American media reports on TCM have been picking words that are relatively simple and close to daily life, with a low content of academic vocabulary; scored high for the Flesch Reading Ease Readability formula, decreasing the difficulty of being understood by readers; ranged from shallow to deep in the overall perspective, reflecting the historical process of TCM’s transmission and development in global terms.

Interstellar is a science fiction film by British director Christopher Nolan. In 2014 Nolan directed the science fiction movie. The movie gives full play to the role of metaphor in movie creation, using verbal symbols such as lines, words and non-verbal symbols such as images and sounds as carriers, and jointly participating in multimodal metaphor construction. Through multimodal metaphors, the film deepens the theme, sublimates the aesthetic experience, highlights the artistic value of the film, and arouses the audience’s thinking and emotional resonance. The use of multimodal metaphors also brings a strong sense of humanity to this science fiction movie. Taking the multimodal metaphor in the film as a starting point, the article analyzes the multimodal metaphor of Interstellar from the perspective the literature review of multimodal metaphor, and the use of multimodal metaphor in Interstellar to reveal its functions.

This paper critically examines anti-feminist expressions in K-pop culture, using a mixed methodology to analyze selected works. It highlights the impact on artists, global fandom, and cultural trends, emphasizing the necessity for intervention from stakeholders in the industry. While acknowledging the evolution of gender representation in K-pop, the paper addresses persistent criticism of objectification and commodification of female idols. Recognizing K-pop’s global influence, the study emphasizes the need to address anti-feminist nuances. It explores how K-pop fandoms influence perceptions of gender roles, particularly among youth. By challenging anti-feminist elements, the study aims to promote progress in attitudes towards gender equality. The paper also focuses on the paradox of stardom for female artists, examining how patriarchal bias and male management perpetuate anti-feminist practices. These practices restrict female artists’ autonomy and reinforce harmful gender norms. Highlighting power dynamics and systemic issues within the industry, the study emphasizes the influence of K-pop artists on their fans and cultural trends. It calls for collaboration among artists, agencies, fans, and policymakers to advocate for change and gender equality. In conclusion, this paper contributes to the discourse on anti-feminism in K-pop. By uncovering hidden undercurrents and exploring sociocultural implications, it aims to raise awareness and promote diverse gender representations within K-pop and society. The study envisions K-pop as a catalyst for positive change, leading to a more inclusive and progressive society celebrating gender equality.

In the current era of increasingly complex information, the rampant spread of false information is constantly endangering people’s physical and mental health. Exploring the impact of exposure to false information on people’s behavior and cognitive level is of positive significance for people to consciously resist and govern online false information. This study is based on social cognitive theory, with Chinese college students as the research object, WeChat as the research platform, and conducted through questionnaire surveys and SPSS software. The data results indicate that WeChat false information exposure has a positive impact on Chinese college students’ trust in information, their approval of using informational deception, and their dissemination behavior of false information, but the differences between genders and grades are not significant. College students should be aware of the harm of false information, strive to overcome the risks of false information caused by overconfidence and insufficient social experience, reduce the harm of false information to themselves, and work together with the school and society to suppress the spread of false information.

In Madness and Civilization, Foucault explores the history of human civilization’s repression of irrationality based on the study of the history of human madness, while Marcuse’s Eros and Civilization starts from the perspective of civilization’s repression of lust for love, and tries to explore a brand-new way out of the civilization of non-repression. Through combing and comparing the two books on the repression of irrational power and the solution paths, it can be found that both books are related to the driving role of aesthetic power in the evolution of human civilization. Among them, the attention and discussion on the phenomenon of madness by philosophers and artists can enable us to better start from the dimension of aesthetics, conduct a comparative study of the two books, and at the same time explore the solution path to get rid of human society’s suppression of irrationality.

The study collected 150 questionnaires from each of the 15 archaeological parks in China, evaluated the environmental design problems that affect tourists’ travel experience from the perspective of tourists, and used the Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way ANOVA to explore the correlation between the three characteristics of archaeological parks and design problems, and finally proposed improvement suggestions. The literature review provided a theoretical basis for establishing the evaluation framework of the environmental design of archaeological parks and summarized the design problems that often occurred in previous archaeological parks. The results showed that tourists were mainly dissatisfied with the interpretation and display system, facility construction, landscape control, traffic organization, etc., and the geographical location and area of archaeological parks had a significant impact on some problems. The study reveals the importance of regular environmental design assessment and update for heritage parks. The study had implications for how archaeological parks formulate long-term plans, environmental design evaluation, renewal designs, and optimize management, which can enhance tourists’ travel willingness.

Cities are carriers of culture, and the process of shaping and disseminating city image is also the process of exporting Chinese culture to foreign countries and attracting audiences. TikTok, as an overseas short-video sharing platform with the characteristics of fragmentation, interactivity, and fast dissemination, has attracted widespread attention from overseas audiences for its short videos about Chinese city image and culture, which has become an important channel for cross-cultural communication. This paper takes the international image shaping and dissemination model of the popular Chinese city Chengdu on TikTok as the research object and uses the 5W model and the “encoding decoding” theory as the theoretical basis to explore the strategies and effects of Chinese city image and culture dissemination on TikTok from a cross-cultural perspective. The study shows that Chengdu’s communication on TikTok is characterized by self-media as the major communication body, young travelers as the target audience, the use of “city branding” and “other shaping perspectives” as the content communication strategy, and the use of emotional resonance and cultural interactions to enhance the appeal and communication effect of the city, which provides some references and guidance to China’s external communication of its city image.

Balenciaga is a world-renowned luxury brand, and its unique design style and profound historical background make its position in fashion unshakable. However, like all innovators, Balenciaga’s design style is not always understood and accepted by people. This paper will discuss how Balenciaga maintains its influence in the world fashion through subversive innovation and continuous innovation, and analyze people’s different reactions to its innovative design. The author will deeply analyze and understand the history, design philosophy and specific works of Balenciaga. At the same time, we will combine personal observation and experience to evaluate its innovative way and influence. Balenciaga’s innovation is mainly manifested in subversive innovation and continuous innovation. It redefines fashion by breaking the tradition, while maintaining its unique brand identity and design concept. Although some of Balenciaga’s designs may be regarded as “ugly” in the eyes of the public, it is the embodiment of its innovative spirit and the source of its lasting influence in the fashion world.

The rapid transformation from an agricultural economy to a capitalism industrial nation-state has revealed the spirit of this new-born nation’s nationalism spirit: Enterprise. It is one of the critical ideological transitions of modernization, so the development of the national economic system building also equal to the formulation and acceptation of nationalism spirit. However, when Alexander Hamilton – the first Secretary, a firm nationalist – showing ‘Enterprise’ at the state policies, his passion of creating a multiple nation-state which supported by prosperous commerce and industry, has triggered querying, opposing and censuring. This passage is committed to explore the formulation of America spirit in the divergence between ruling group and the particularity of North America colonies which lead this nation to a liberalism capitalism leviathan, especially at the very beginning of a new state.

With the continuous development of online short video economy, the number of female consumers is also on the rise, among which many male beauty bloggers have joined the short video industry. With the female economy in full swing, some male make-up bloggers are trying to show their masculinity and reinforce female fans with mansplaining. The study, conducted on TikTok’s beauty blog Kaikai Next door, assessed whether his communication style reflected examples of male preaching from a body-theory perspective.The results indicate that Kaikai Next door’s evaluation of the female body continues to be influenced by the male-centric gaze, while male discourse perpetuates the idea of patriarchal culture. This statement elucidates the influence of women and the limitations they face, while simultaneously acknowledging their capacity for resistance. When KaiKai next door, a male beauty blogger, uses symbolic violence and the patriarchal ideology of women otherization to construct a male online image of himself by using female consumers, it results in the oppression of women’s living space and the bullying of women’s self-worth. However, the qualitative study of only one beauty blogger cannot describe the whole social situation, but this beauty blogger can reflect some gender problems that do exist in society. This study is committed to providing help and reference for promoting an equal society, resisting hegemonic rule and defending one’s own rights and interests.

This study investigated the impact of language script on spatial cognition by comparing reaction times of native speakers of alphabetic languages and Chinese in response to horizontally and vertically arranged button groups. It is postulated that the linear, one-dimensional nature of alphabetic scripts may shape cognitive processing differently than the complex, two-dimensional Chinese characters. In the experiment, participants from both linguistic backgrounds were tasked with quickly responding to buttons arranged in both horizontal and vertical configurations. Results indicated that speakers of alphabetic languages exhibited significantly shorter reaction times for the horizontally oriented buttons compared to the Chinese speakers. Conversely, Chinese speakers demonstrated faster reaction times for vertically arranged buttons relative to the alphabetic language speakers. These results suggest that language script structure can influence spatial cognition. The linear, sequential arrangement inherent to alphabetic languages may predispose speakers to be more efficient in processing horizontally sequenced stimuli, while the two-dimensional structure of Chinese characters may confer an advantage in processing vertically presented information. Additionally, cultural factors, such as the traditional vertical writing and reading direction of Chinese script, may contribute to these differences. The findings provide preliminary support for the notion that language script can shape cognitive strategies for processing spatial information, with speakers of alphabetic languages and Chinese employing different strategies for horizontal and vertical spatial processing. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms, as well as the impact of early exposure to a specific script on spatial cognition.

This article delves into the complexities of personal identity by exploring philosophical and psychological theories. It introduces John Locke’s idea that personal identity is constructed through consciousness and memory, where each experience contributes to a coherent self when pieced together. However, the “Ship of Theseus” paradox raises questions about maintaining core identity amidst systematic transformations. The psychological perspective emphasizes the role of memory and learning in shaping an individual’s self-perception. The narrative also underscores the significance of neurological functions, acting as conductors orchestrating cognition, behavior, and emotions to form a unique personal identity. The article further discusses enduring aspects of selfhood, considering biological, psychological, and social dimensions, including genetic makeup, personality traits, memories, and social interactions. It highlights the interplay of continuity and change, illustrating how personal identity maintains a consistent essence while evolving. The synthesis suggests that personal identity is like a symphony, blending continuity and change into a harmonious composition. Empirical evidence and case studies support the enduring nature of personal identity, asserting that fundamental aspects of the self persist from childhood into adulthood. The article concludes by acknowledging that the exploration of personal identity and continuity remains an ongoing journey, continually inviting scholarly inquiry.