Communications in Humanities Research

- The Open Access Proceedings Series for Conferences


Communications in Humanities Research

Vol. 29, 19 April 2024


Open Access | Article

How Can China Escape the Middle-Income Trap?

Siqi Chen * 1
1 Nanjing Foreign Language School

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Communications in Humanities Research, Vol. 29, 139-144
Published 19 April 2024. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by EWA Publishing
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Citation Siqi Chen. How Can China Escape the Middle-Income Trap?. CHR (2024) Vol. 29: 139-144. DOI: 10.54254/2753-7064/29/20230627.

Abstract

As one of the most widely discussed terms in recent decades, the “middle-income trap” refers to a dilemma in which middle-income economies struggle to achieve high-income status. After becoming an upper middle-income country in 2010, China has been stuck in the middle, facing the problem of economic stagnation. This research focuses on the steps taken by the countries that have successfully escaped the middle-income trap and figures out how those actions can shed light on the policy-making in China. The conclusion drawn from the work is that the Chinese government should present a co-creation and pro-industry attitude towards private sectors for industrial upgrading and developing vocational education, enhancing the connection between schools and enterprises in providing courses and pipelining talents. This work points out the policies China can work on to escape the middle-income trap by adjusting the relationship between the government and enterprises and transforming its rich population resources into a reliable reserve of highly qualified labor forces.

Keywords

The middle-income trap, Chinese economy, industrialization, private sector, education system

References

1. Felipe, J., Abdon, A., & Kumar, U. (2012). Tracking the Middle-Income Trap: What is it, Who is in it, and Why? Levy Economics Institute, Working Paper No. 715. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2049330

2. World Bank. (2022). Gross domestic product 2022. https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/GDP.pdf

3. World Bank Data. China GDP growth (annual %). https://data.worldbank.org/country/china

4. Das, Mitali; N'Diaye, Papa M. (2013) “Chronicle of a Decline Foretold: Has China Reached the Lewis Turning Point?” IMF Working Papers. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2013/wp1326.pdf.

5. Zhuang J., Paul V., Huang Y. (2012). Growing beyond the low-cost advantage: How the People's Republic of China can avoid the middle-income trap. Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong City, Philippines.

6. Gill Indermit S, Kharas Homi. (2007). An East Asian renaissance: ideas for economic growth. Washington, D.C: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/517971468025502862/An-East-Asian-renaissance-ideas-for-economic-growth.

7. Kasenda, Daniel. (2015). "Can Asian Developing Countries Stuck in A Middle Income Trap Learn From South Korea’s Economic Development Experience." no 6 : 1-16.

8. Aghion, Philippe. (2004). “Growth and development: A Schumpeterian approach.” ANNALS OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE. http://down.aefweb.net/AefArticles/aef050101.pdf.

9. Marsh R. M., Levine S. B., Kawada H. (1981). “Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development.” Princeton University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7ztht6.

10. Anderson, Ronald S. (1975) "Education in Japan: A Century of Modern Development." Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED131057.pdf.

11. Odaka K. (2002). “The evolution of social policy in Japan.” World Bank. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/580821468042904090/pdf/330530JP0Social0policy01PUBLIC1.pdf.

12. Watson, K. (1980). Educational development in Thailand. Hong Kong: Heinemann Asia.

Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).

Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities
ISBN (Print)
978-1-83558-365-4
ISBN (Online)
978-1-83558-366-1
Published Date
19 April 2024
Series
Communications in Humanities Research
ISSN (Print)
2753-7064
ISSN (Online)
2753-7072
DOI
10.54254/2753-7064/29/20230627
Copyright
19 April 2024
Open Access
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Copyright © 2023 EWA Publishing. Unless Otherwise Stated